Hash file¶

备注

An alternative to using a hash to validate a package's cache is to use an ASCII-armor instead. Although users can benefit from using both validation methods, if desired.

When downloading assets from a remote instance, a package's hash file can be used to help verify the integrity of any fetched content. For example, if a package lists a site with a my-archive.tgz to download, the fetch process will download the archive and verify its hash to a listed entry before continuing. If a hash does not match, the build process stops indicating an unexpected asset was downloaded.

It is recommended that:

Any URL-based site asset have a hash entry defined for the asset (to ensure the package sources are not corrupted or have been unexpectedly replaced).
A hash entry should exist for license files (additional sanity check if a package's license has change).

To create a hash file for a package, add a <my-package>.hash file inside the package's directory. For example, for a libfoo package, the following would be expected:

└── my-releng-tool-project/
    ├── package/
    │   └── libfoo/
    │       └── libfoo
    │       └── libfoo.hash           <----
    ...

The hash file should be a UTF-8 encoded file and can contain multiple hash entries. A hash entry is a 3-tuple defining the type of hash algorithm used, the hash value expected and the asset associated with the hash. A tuple entry is defined on a single line with each entry separated by whitespace characters. For example:

# from project's release notes: https://example.com/release-notes
sha1 f606cb022b86086407ad735bf4ec83478dc0a2c5 my-archive.tgz
# locally computed
sha1 602effb4893c7504ffee8a8efcd265d86cd21609 LICENSE

Comments are permitted in the file. Lines leading with a # character or inlined leading # character after a whitespace character will be ignored.

Supported hash types will vary on the Python interpreter [1] used. Typically, this include FIPS secure hash algorithms (e.g. sha1, sha224, sha256, sha384 and sha512) as well as (but not recommended) RSA'S MD5 algorithm. For hash algorithms requiring a key length, a user can define a hash entry using the format <hash-type>:<key-length>. For example, shake_128:32. Other algorithms may be used if provided by the system's OpenSSL library.

Multiple hash entries can be provided for the same file if desired. This is to assist in scenarios where a checked out asset's content changes based on the system it is checked out on. For example, a text file checked out from Git may use Windows line-ending on Windows system, and Unix-line endings on other systems:

sha1 602effb4893c7504ffee8a8efcd265d86cd21609 LICENSE
sha1 9e79b84ef32e911f8056d80a311cf281b2121469 LICENSE